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Background The high-pressure and high-risk nature of the police profession may consume individual resources and lead to job burnout. Objective To understand the current situation of police job burnout, and test potential mediating role of psychological empowerment between social support and job burnout. Methods From May to October 2020, a questionnaire survey was conducted among police officers in cities A and B of Sichuan Province by convenience sampling. The Perceived Social Support Scale, Psychological Empowerment Scale, and Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey were used to evaluate social support, psychological empowerment, and job burnout respectively. Mediation effect of psychological empowerment on the relationship between social support and job burnout was tested using bias-corrected bootstrap method. Results Of the 483 questionnaires recovered, there were 461 valid questionnaires (95.44%). The M (P25, P75) scores of social support, psychological empowerment, and job burnout were 5.00 (3.50, 5.83), 3.25 (2.00, 4.25), and 3.61 (2.43, 3.88), respectively. The positive rate of job burnout was 93.92% (433/461), of which 42.51% (196/461) and 51.41% (237/461) of the participants were at mild to moderate and severe levels of job burnout respectively. The results of Spearman correlation analysis showed that social support and psychological empowerment were negatively correlated with job burnout (r=−0.265, −0.328, P<0.01), and social support was positively corrected with psychological empowerment (r=0.390, P<0.01). The Bootstrap test results showed that social support negatively affected job burnout (β=−0.193, P<0.001) and positively affected psychological empowerment (β=0.330, P<0.001). Psychological empowerment negatively affected job burnout (β=−0.212, P<0.001) and played a partial mediating role in the relationship between social support and job burnout, and the effect value was −0.070 (95%CI: −0.097, −0.047) that accounted for 36.27% of the total effect. Conclusion Job burnout is prevalent among the police officers. Social support has a negative effect on job burnout, and psychological empowerment plays a partial mediating role between social support and job burnout.
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OBJECTIVE To eval uate the effectiveness ，safety and economy of deferasir ox for the treatment of iron overload in thalassemia with rapid health technology assessment ，and to provide evidence-based basis for rational clinical use. METHODS Retrieved from Chinese and English database/website as PubMed ，Embase，Cochrane Library ，NHS EED ，CADTH，CNKI and Wanfang database ，health technology assessment （HTA），systematic evaluation/meta-analysis and pharmacological studies about deferasirox versus deferoxamine/deferiprone for the treatment of iron overload in thalassemia were collected from the inception to June 2021. Based on literature screening and data extraction ，the quality of literature about HTA reports ，systematic evaluation/ Meta-analysis and pharmacoeconomic research were evaluated with HTA checklist ，A Measurement Tool to As sess Systematic Reviews，standard scale of economic evaluation report. The effectiveness and safety results were described quantitatively ，and the economic evaluation results were described qualitatively. RESULTS One HTA report ，five systematic evaluation/meta-analysis and five pharmacoeconomic studies were selected from 1 569 literature. Included HTA reports ， systematic evaluation/meta-analysis，pharmacoeconomic studies were high in quality. Most studies reported that 30 mg/（kg·d） deferasirox was E-mail：aydgs@126.com better than deferoxamine in reducing the levels of s erum ferritin and liver iron overload ；ADR induced by deferasirox were mainly gastrointestinal irritation symptoms ，skin itching ，joint pain，transaminase elevation ，etc.，which generally did not affect subsequent treatment. There was no statistical significance in severe ADR between deferoxamine group and deferasirox group [RR ＝0.96，95％CI（0.85，1.08），P＝0.52]. Compared with deferoxamine，deferasirox had higher cost-effectiveness ；but deferasirox was less likely to be cost-effective than deferiprone. CONCLUSIONS Deferasirox has good effectiveness and safety for iron overload in thalassemia ，and has good economic advantages in Britain and Iran ，compared with deferoxamine.
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Objective:To explore the correlation between hypersomnia and anhedonia in patients with major depressive disorder.Methods:From November 2018 to May 2019, patients hospitalized with major depressive disorder who met the ICD-10 diagnostic criteria were selected.According to the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), 46 patients were divided into daytime sleepiness group with ESS ≥ 7, and 171 patients were divided into non-sleepiness group with ESS < 7.The Chinese Revised Social Anhedonia Scale (RSAS) and the Chinese Revised Physical Anhedonia Scale (RPAS) were used to evaluate the patients' anhedonia symptoms.Two-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis were used for data processing.Results:(1)There was no interaction between the hypersomnia and gender on the score of physical anhedonia ( F=0.274, P=0.601). The main effect analysis showed that there was significant difference in the influence of gender on physical anhedonia ( F=10.948, P<0.05). (2)There was interaction between the hypersomnia and age on the score of physical anhedonia ( F=4.396, P=0.013). Further simple effect analysis showed that the score of physical anhedonia in 40-49 age(21.54±12.37) was lower than that in 50-64 age(34.13±12.53) in daytime sleepiness group( P<0.05). (3) There was interaction between hypersomnia and sitting and lying on the score of social anhedonia ( F=4.247, P=0.041). Further simple effect analysis showed that the score of social anhedonia in patients with sitting and lying time less than 2 hours (13.71±5.18) was lower than that in patients with sitting and lying time more than 2 hours (19.75±6.39) in daytime sleepiness group( P<0.05). (4)Pearson correlation analysis showed that the total sleepiness score of depression patients was positively correlated with the social anhedonia score ( r=0.206, P<0.01). After adjusting for gender, age and sitting and lying time, the total sleepiness score was still positively correlated with the social anhedonia score( r=0.225, P<0.01). Conclusion:Hypersomnia may be associated with anhedonia in patients with major depressive disorder.
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Objective:To investigate the expression of serum human phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein 4 (hPEBP4) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and its clinical significance.Methods:A total of 59 symptomatic MM patients admitted to West Branch of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital from September 2016 to September 2018 were selected as the research objects. According to the CRAB symptoms [elevated serum calcium (C), kidney injury (R), anemia (A), bone lesions (B)], all patients were divided into 2 groups, including the active group of 44 patients with CRAB symptoms, and the response group of 15 patients who achieved at least partial remission after chemotherapy and symptom relief of CRAB. According to the degree of bone lesions (BL), 30 patients with severe bone-related events were grouped as the severe bone lesions (SBL) group, and 14 patients were grouped as the non-severe bone lesions (NSBL) group. According to the revised international prognostic staging system (R-ISS), patients in the active group were divided into three subgroups: stage Ⅰ, stage Ⅱ, and stage Ⅲ, including 26, 11 and 7 patients, respectively. A total of 15 healthy examination people whose gender and age matched those of the patients were treated as the healthy control group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the expression levels of hPEBP4, tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 14 (LIGHT/TNFSF14) and activin A of patients in different groups. Pearson was used to analyze the relationship of the expressions of multiple factors in the active group. The optimal cut-off value of multiple factors diagnosing MM was determined by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and according to the cut-off value, the differences in overall survival (OS) of patients with different stratification were compared.Results:In the active group, the respond group, the healthy control group, the level of hPEBP4 was (1.48±0.64) μg/L, (1.49±0.75) μg/L, (0.31±0.10) μg/L, respectively; the level of LIGHT/TNFSF14 was (169±112) ng/L, (256±132) ng/L, (44±27) ng/L,respectively; the level of activin A was (383±266) ng/L, (223±79) ng/L, (234±85) ng/L, respectively; and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). In the active group, the level of hPEBP4 was (1.06±0.60) μg/L, (1.15±0.50) μg/L, (1.73±0.68) μg/L, respectively in patients with stage R-ISSⅠ, R-ISSⅡ and R-ISS Ⅲ, and the difference was statistically significant ( F=3.287, P=0.032). The level of activin A was (219±55) ng/L, (247±117) ng/L, (450±215) ng/L, respectively among patients in stage R-ISSⅠ, R-ISSⅡ, R-ISS Ⅲ, and the level of activin A in stage R-ISS Ⅲ was higher than that in stage R-ISSⅠand R-ISSⅡ (all P < 0.05). The levels of LIGHT/TNFSF14 and activin A of SBL patients were higher than those of NSBL patients [(174±101) ng/L vs. (98±53) ng/L; (467±238) ng/L vs. (189±71) ng/L, all P < 0.05]. The level of hPEBP4 was positively correlated with the levels of M protein ( r=0.694, P < 0.01) and activin A ( r=0.252, P < 0.01) of IgG patients in the active group. ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal cut-off value of hPEBP4, LIGHT/TNFSF14, activin A diagnosing MM was 1.04 μg/L, 97.0 μg/L, 156.2 ng/L. The median overall survival (OS) time of patients with hPEBP4 >1.04 μg/L and hPEBP4 ≤ 1.04 μg/L was 57 months (95% CI 22-92 months) and not reached, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.05); while the median OS time of patients with activin A ≥ 156.2 ng/L and activin A < 156.2 ng/L was 61 months (95% CI 24-98 months) and not reached, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.05). Conclusions:High expression level of hPEBP4 is related with the progression of MM. It is positively related with the level of M protein and negatively with the OS of MM patients. It is suggested that hPEBP4 may be used as an important marker to judge disease progression and tumor burden in MM. LIGHT/TNFSF14 and activin A cooperate with hPEBP4 to participate in the pathological processes of tumor microenvironment of MM.
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Objective:To evaluate the survival outcome and toxicity of hypofractionated radiotherapy (45 Gy/15f) in patients with locally advanced/advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who are ineligible for conventional fractionated radiotherapy.Methods:The early efficacy, survival and toxicity of inoperable patients ( n=64) with locally advanced/advanced NSCLC patients admitted to Cancer Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from 2014 to 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Hypofractionated radiotherapy (45 Gy/15f) were performed by using intensity-modulated radiotherapy or volumetric-modulated arc therapy technologies on Pinnacle 9 planning system. Results:The median follow-up time was 26 months. The early efficacy was available in 58 patients: complete response for 2 cases (3%), partial response for 22(38%), stable disease for 28(44%) and progressive disease for 6(9%), respectively. The local control rate was 90%. The median time to progression (TTP) and the median overall survival (OS) for all patients was 8.2 months and 21.0 months, respectively. The 1-, 2-and 3-year TTP rate was 37%, 28%, 14% and the OS rate was 66%, 43% and 27%, respectively. The incidence of esophagitis was 17%( n=11), 19%( n=12) for radiation pneumonitis and 20%( n=13) for myelosuppression. No grade ≥3 esophagitis or pneumonia was found. Conclusion:Hypofractionated radiotherapy (45 Gy/15f) is efficacious and safe for patients with locally advanced/advanced NSCLC, which yields controllable adverse events.
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Objective:To compare the main clinical outcomes of Day 6 (D6) single blastocyst transplantation in fresh and frozen-thawed cycles.Methods:The data of fresh blastocyst transplantation patients and frozen-thawed blastocyst transplantation patients from January 2013 to December 2017 were retrospectively analysed. Fresh blastocyst transplantation and frozen-thawed blastocyst transplantation were matched in a ratio of 1∶3 by using propensity score matching, the matching factors included age, body mass index, thickness of endometrium and blastocyst grade. Totally 180 cases were included in the fresh cycle group and 540 cases in the frozen-thawed cycle group.Results:There was no significant difference in basal FSH between the two groups [(6.9±2.5) versus (6.4±3.8) U/L, P=0.334]. The positive rate of hCG in D6 blastocyst fresh cycle transplantation group [32.8%(59/180) versus 48.1%(260/540)], clinical pregnancy rate [28.9%(52/180) versus 43.5%(235/540)] and live birth rate [21.1%(38/180) versus 32.2%(174/540)] were lower than those of frozen-thawed cycle group (all P<0.05). The miscarriage rate was higher [26.9%(14/52) versus 24.7%(58/235)], but there was no statistical difference ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The clinical pregnancy outcome of D6 single blastocyst frozen-thawed cycle transplantation is better than that of fresh cycle. In order to obtain better clinical outcomes, frozen-thawed cycle transplantation of blastocysts formed on the 6th day is recommended.
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Objective@#To explore the relationship between drinking tea and frailty among the elderly in the community.@*Methods@#A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the basic data of the elderly and their status of drinking tea. Tilburg Frailty Index scale was used to evaluate the frailty of the elderly. The physical levels of the elderly were assessed by grip strength, 4 m walking time and time up & go. The factors affecting frailty of the elderly and the relationship between status of drinking tea and frailty were analyzed.@*Results@#The incidence of frailty in the community with and without habits of drinking tea was 55.6%(69/124) and 79.3%(96/121).There was significantly difference between them (χ2=15.634, P<0.01). The total scores, body function and mental dimensions of frailty of the former were 4.53±2.51, 2.46±1.86 and 1.11±0.97 and that of the later were 5.52±2.54, 3.20±1.78 and 1.36±0.97. There was significantly difference between them (t=3.064, 3.178, 2.015, P<0.05). The grip strength of the former and the latter was (29.06±9.02) kg and (23.96±7.48) kg and there was significantly difference between them (t=-4.824, P<0.01). The Logistic regression analysis showed that the number of complications, the habit of exercise and the habit of drinking tea were the factors influencing frailty.@*Conclusions@#Drinking tea may decrease the incidence of frailty and improve fitness level in the elderly. However, investigative research involving larger number of subjects and intervention studies are needed to explore further the relationship between drinking tea and frailty in the future.
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Objective To explore the relationship between drinking tea and frailty among the elderly in the community. Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the basic data of the elderly and their status of drinking tea. Tilburg Frailty Index scale was used to evaluate the frailty of the elderly. The physical levels of the elderly were assessed by grip strength, 4 m walking time and time up& go. The factors affecting frailty of the elderly and the relationship between status of drinking tea and frailty were analyzed. Results The incidence of frailty in the community with and without habits of drinking tea was 55.6％(69/124) and 79.3％(96/121).There was significantly difference between them (χ2=15.634, P<0.01). The total scores, body function and mental dimensions of frailty of the former were 4.53± 2.51, 2.46±1.86 and 1.11±0.97 and that of the later were 5.52±2.54, 3.20±1.78 and 1.36±0.97. There was significantly difference between them (t=3.064, 3.178, 2.015, P<0.05) . The grip strength of the former and the latter was (29.06 ± 9.02) kg and (23.96 ± 7.48) kg and there was significantly difference between them (t=-4.824, P<0.01). The Logistic regression analysis showed that the number of complications, the habit of exercise and the habit of drinking tea were the factors influencing frailty. Conclusions Drinking tea may decrease the incidence of frailty and improve fitness level in the elderly. However, investigative research involving larger number of subjects and intervention studies are needed to explore further the relationship between drinking tea and frailty in the future.
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Background: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has become a new method for treating some complicated intestinal diseases, and has achieved remarkable effects in the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Aims: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and possible influencing factors of FMT on the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods: Clinical trials of FMT for the treatment of UC were retrieved from PubMed, Medline, Embase, CNKI, Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database. Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted by RevMan 5.3 software. And influences of different factors on efficacy of FMT were analyzed by meta-analysis of single rate. Results: Eleven clinical trials including 4 RCTs and 7 non-RCTs were included. Meta-analysis for 4 RCTs showed that clinical remission rate and efficacy rate were significantly increased in FMT group than in control group (OR=2.89, 95% CI: 1.70-4.92, P<0.000 01; OR=2.70, 95% CI: 1.31-5.57, P=0.007). Meta-analysis of single rate showed that clinical remission rate was significantly increased in lower digestive tract transplantation group than in upper digestive tract transplantation group (39% vs. 19%, P=0.037), however, no significant difference in clinical remission rate was found among different donor selection groups (P=0.967). Conclusions: The efficacy of FMT for treatment of UC is affirmative, the effect of transplantation through lower digestive tract is better, and the effect is not related with specific donor.
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Objective To investigate the effect of myeloid-derived growth factor ( MYDGF) on the secretion of glucagon-like peptide 1 ( GLP-1) in type 2 diabetic mice and its mechanism. Methods A type 2 diabetes model was established by injecting streptozotocin into C57BL/6J wild type ( WT) mice and MYDGF knockout ( KO) mice, which were divided into diabetic group ( WT-D, KO-D) and non-diabetic group ( WT-ND, KO-ND) . Six weeks later, the relevant indicators were detected. Next, those mice were divided into wild-type diabetes group (WT-GFP), wild-type diabetes MYDGF intervention group (WT-MYDGF), knockout type diabetes group (KO-GFP), and knockout type MYDGF intervention group ( KO-MYDG ) according to whether or not the AAV-MYDGF intervention was performed. The wild-type non-diabetic mice were used as a blank control group to observe the effects of MYDGF on biochemical indexes, GLP-1 secretion, and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase ( MEK)/extracellular regulated protein kinases ( ERK) signal pathway in mice. Results After 6 weeks of intervention, there was no significant difference in the glucose and lipid metabolism indexes between WT-ND and KO-ND groups ( P>0.05) . Compared with WT-D group, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1C, and blood lipid levels in KO-D group were increased, while gcg, pc3 mRNA, and GLP-1 secretion levels were decreased (all P<0.05). Compared with the WT-GFP group, FPG, HbA1C , and blood lipid levels were decreased in WT-MYDGF group, while gcg and pc3 mRNA, and GLP-1 secretion levels were increased (all P<0.05). KO group revealed a result similar to that in WT group after MYDGF intervention. Western blotting showed that the phosphorylation level of ERK1/2 was lowered in KO diabetic mice compared with WT diabetic mice, which was enhanced in WT and KO mice after MYDGF intervention. Conclusions MYDGF promotes the secretion of GLP-1 by activating MEK/ERK signaling pathway, thereby delaying the development of diabetes.
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Objective To explore the role of impulsivity in manic episodes of bipolar I disorder and cognitive impairment. Methods Sixty-one patients with bipolar I manic-episode ( study group) and 43 healthy volunteers (control group) were included in the study,and the cognitive function and impulsivity of the subjects were assessed using the MATRICS consensus cognitive battery (MCCB) and BIS-11 impulsivity scale (BIS-11). The differences in impulsivity and cognitive function between the study group and control group were compared. Partial correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between impulsivity and cognitive function in patients with bipolar I manic episode. Results ( 1) The scores of several cognitive function in study group,were significantly lower than those in healthy control group including information pro-cessing speed,attention alertness,word learning,visual learning,working memory,reasoning and problem sol-ving (all P<0. 01). (2)The total score,motor factor score and cognitive factor score of BIS-11 impulse scale in study group were significantly higher than those in control group (58. 39±15. 77 vs 48. 02±11. 16,62. 09± 19. 01 vs 44. 24±21. 09,56. 97±16. 57 vs 50. 06±13. 87,all P<0. 05). Increased overall scores on the bis-11 impulse inventory may be a risk factor for bipolar I episodes( OR=1. 204,95% CI=1. 032-1. 404). (3) In study group,the total score of BIS-11 was negatively correlated with the speed of information processing, working memory,word learning,reasoning and problem solving,and the total score of MCCB(r=-0. 417,-0. 360,-0. 294,-0. 348,-0. 348,P<0. 05). The score of unplanned factor was negatively correlated with the speed of information processing,word learning,the total score of MCCB(r=-0. 397,-0. 302,-0. 358,P<0. 05). The score of cognitive factor was negatively correlated with the speed of information processing,work-ing memory,word learning,reasoning and problem solving,and the total score of MCCB(r=-0. 327,-0. 351,-0. 374,-0. 391,-0. 463,P<0. 05). The score of motor factor was negatively correlated with working memo-ry and the total score of MCCB(r=0. 370,r=0. 389,P<0. 05). Conclusion High impulsivity is a risk factor for manic episodes of bipolar I disorder and may be associated with cognitive impairment in patients with ma-nic episodes of bipolar I disorder.
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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of GRIK2 and NLGN1 with autism spectrum disorder in a Chinese population. METHODS: We performed spatio-temporal expression analysis of GRIK2 and NLGN1 in the developing prefrontal cortex, and examined the expression of the genes in ASD cases and healthy controls using the GSE38322 data set. Following, we performed a case-control study in a Chinese population. RESULTS: The analysis using the publicly available expression data showed that GRIK2 and NLGN1 may have a role in the development of human brain and contribute to the risk of ASD. Later genetic analysis in the Chinese population showed that the GRIK2 rs6922753 for the T allele, TC genotype and dominant model played a significant protective role in ASD susceptibility (respectively: OR=0.840, p=0.023; OR=0.802, p=0.038; OR=0.791, p=0.020). The NLGN1 rs9855544 for the G allele and GG genotype played a significant protective role in ASD susceptibility (respectively: OR=0.844, p=0.019; OR=0.717, p=0.022). After adjusting p values, the statistical significance was lost (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Our results suggested that GRIK2 rs6922753 and NLGN1 rs9855544 might not confer susceptibility to ASD in the Chinese population.
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Humans , Alleles , Asian People , Autism Spectrum Disorder , Autistic Disorder , Brain , Case-Control Studies , Dataset , Genotype , Glutamic Acid , Prefrontal Cortex , Receptors, Ionotropic GlutamateABSTRACT
@#Stretching exercise is a common method used in physical fitness training and exercise rehabilitation. The study about stretching exercise started from the motor system, then subsequently extended to other systems. This paper systematically reviewed the latest research progress on the influence of stretching exercise on multi-systems of the motor system, circulatory system, nervous system, endocrine system, respiratory system, and digestive system and the effects on pain and emotion, and briefly analyzed the related mechanism.
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Objective To study the antipyretic effect of Paracetamol Tablets,Compound Paracetamol and Amantadine Hydrochloride Tablets,Compound Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Tablets,and Chaiqin Qingning Capsules on the fever model induced by LPS and dry yeast in rats.Methods Fever was induced by ip injecting LPS (100 μg/kg) or sc injecting dry yeast (20％) in rats.We observed the changes of temperature of the rats after administration of Paracetamol Tablets,Compound Paracetamol and Amantadine Hydrochloride Tablets,Compound Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Tablets (the acetaminophen contents were 205.67,102.83,and 51.42 mg/kg)and Chaiqin Qingning Capsules (1110.60,555.30,and 277.65 mg/kg).Maximum temperature rise height (△T) and temperature response index (TRI) were calculated,and the curve of average rise in temperature was drawn.Results Each dose group of Paracetamol Tablets,Compound Paracetamol and Amantadine Hydrochloride Tablets,Compound Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Tablets,and Chaiqin Qingning Capsules had obvious antipyretic effect on the fever model induced by LPS and dry yeast in rats,and there was a certain dose-effect relationship.Conclusion Paracetamol Tablets,Compound Paracetamol and Amantadine Hydrochloride Tablets,Compound Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Tablets,and Chaiqin Qingning Capsules has certain antipyretic effect on LPS and dry yeast fever model in rats,and on the whole,the Western medicine acts rapid but continue for a short time,while the traditional Chinese medicine acts slow but continues for a long time.
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Objective To investigate the effects and possible mechanism of growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11)on angiogenesis in diabetic hindlimb ischemia. Methods Sixty SD rats were used in this study. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. 3 days after streptozotocin administration, 40 rats with plasma glucose concentration≥16.7 mmol/L were selected in the subsequent experiments. 12 weeks after diabetes was induced,the left femoral artery and all the sides branches were dissected free and excised. After resection of the left femoral artery,rats were randomized to four groups:PBS group(n=10),GDF11 group(n=10),IgG Ab group (n=10),or GDF11 Ab group(n=10). After 0,7,and 14 days,the serial blood flows were measured by a Laser Doppler perfusion image(LDPI)analyzer. To detect capillary endothelial cell,the sections of muscles were reacted with anti-CD31 monoclonal antibodies,and subsequently reacted with Cy3-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG antibody. The expression levels of HIF1α and VEGF were detected by western blotting. Results In GDF11 group significantly increased the blood perfusion and capillary density of ischemia hindlimb of the diabetic rats were found,which was correlated to an increased level of HIF1α and VEGF. In contrast, GDF11 Ab could lead to the opposite effects. Conclusion GDF11 treatment promotes the recovery of diabetic hindlimb ischemia, which may be related to the improvement of expression of HIF1 alpha and VEGF.
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For the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea, professor ZHAO Jiping focuses on meridian diagnosis and inspection, and uses pressing methods to locate the response points along the meridian, including acupoints and aishi points. During the stage of attack, it is essential to press along the spleen meridian, mainly Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Diji (SP 8) and Yinlingquan (SP 9); during the stage of remission, it is essential to press along the bladder meridian and stomach meridian, mainly Ganshu (BL 18), Pishu (BL 20), Weishu (BL 21), Shenshu (BL 23) and Zusanli (ST 36). The differences between deficiency syndrome and excess syndrome lead to the different feelings of doctors and patients. Combined with the results of meridian diagnosis and inspection, the aim of treatment can be achieved by different acupuncture methods. Professor ZHAO pays attention to the treatment of accompanied symptoms and timing of treatment, since the relief of accompanied syndromes and selection of timing are keys to relieving patient's pain.
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Adult , Female , Humans , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy , Diagnosis, Differential , Dysmenorrhea , Diagnosis , TherapeuticsABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the expression of PD-1 on CD4 +and CD8 + T cells in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B(CHB)treated with telbivudine.Methods Fifty-six HBeAg-positive CHB patients admitted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University during January 201 3 and June 201 4 were enrolled in this study.The expression of PD-1 on CD4 +and CD8 + T cells was detected with flow cytometry at baseline,24,48 and 72 wks after telbivudine treatment.The relationship of PD-1 expression with alanine aminotransferase (ALT)level,HBeAg seroconversion and HBV DNA loads was analyzed.t test and completely random variance analysis were used to analyze the data.Results The PD-1 expression on CD4 + and CD8 + T cells at baseline was higher in patients with low ALT levels compared to those with high ALT levels(t =1 2.20 and 9.69,both P <0.01 ),while higher levels of PD-1 expression was also observed in patients with high HBV DNA load (≥5 lgIU /mL)compared to those with low HBV DNA load (t =4.39 and 4.85,both P <0.01 ).PD-1 levels on CD4 + and CD8 + T cells presented a declining trend after telbivudine treatment(F =6.98 and 8.97,both P <0.01 ),PD-1 expression in patients with HBeAg seroconversion showed lower levels compared with baseline values (t =1 8.45 and 1 8.01 ,both P <0.01 ). Conclusion In HBeAg-positive CHB patients,the expression of PD-1 on CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocytes shows a decreasing trend during the treatment with telbivudine,indicating that antiviral therapy may alleviate the immunosuppression in these patients.
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Objective To investigate the effects of different irradiation techniques on dose distribution in target volume and normal tissues after the radical surgery for gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma,and to provide the optimal regimen for clinical treatment.Methods A total of 9 patients with gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma who underwent radical esophagus-proximal gastrectomy or total gastrectomy were enrolled.The therapeutic regimens of five-field static intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT),volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT),and helical tomotherapy (HT) were designed for each patient,and the dose-volume histogram was used to evaluate the effects of different irradiation techniques on the conformity index (CI) and homogeneity index (HI) of target volume and the surrounding normal tissues. The prescribed dose was 45 Gy at 1.8 Gy/fraction.The patients received oral S-1 as concurrent chemotherapy at a dose of 80 mg/(m 2? d) twice a day during radiotherapy.Results Compared with IMRT and VMAT,HT had better CI and HI of the target volume,as well as a better protective effect on the intestinal tract and bone marrow.Compared with IMRT and HT,VMAT had a lower V20 and V30 for the left kidney and a lower V30 for the heart,while IMRT had lower V5 and V10 for both lungs;V20 and mean dose showed no significant differences between the three techniques.HT had the highest mean sub-field hop count,followed by IMRT and VMAT.Conclusions IMRT, VMAT, and HT can meet the clinical requirements,but besides ensuring the best CI and HI of the target volume,HT has a good protective effect on the intestine and spinal cord and can help to reduce the incidence of adverse events in patients.
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Chemoradiotherapy is an important part in the adjuvant regimen for locally advanced gastric cancer after radical resection. Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy has demonstrated a clear local control and survival advantage for locally advanced patients with less than D2 lymph node dissection. Thus, chemoradiotherapy is recommended as standard of care in the postoperative setting. However, the role of radiotherapy for patients with more extensive D2 lymph node dissections remains controversial. Three phase III random-ized clinical trials in Asia show that adjuvant chemoradiotherapy after D2 dissection is safe and feasible and may benefit certain groups of patients. The benefit of radiotherapy in the case of more extensive surgery still warrants well-designed, fully powered randomized controlled clinical trials for verification. More studies are needed to focus on the identification of patient subgroups that are at high risk for locoregional failure and may benefit from adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Further optimization of target volume in the radiother-apy and exploration of new modalities of radiation techniques are also necessary.
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of ferulic acid(FA)on motor function of rats with a spinal cord injury model(SCI)and its possible effects on expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3(LC3),Beclin1,Bcl-2 and Bax. METHODS SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:sham group,SCI group,FA(100 mg·kg-1,po)group. Rats were subjected to moderate contusion inju?ries using a vascular clip for 2 min to establish an SCI animal model beforfe they were given BBB scores and inclined plate scoring function test on 6 h,1,3,7 and 14 d after SCI. After the test,rats were sacrificed. Spinal cords were observed by hematoxylin eosin(HE)staining. Furthermore,the expressions of LC3,Beclin1,Bcl-2 and Bax were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS Compared with the sham group,BBB scores and inclined plate function scores significantly decreased in model group. The BBB scores decreased from 21 in sham group to(0.5±0.5)in SCI group,and inclined plate function scores decreased from 70° in sham group to(5.8±2.0)° in SCI group. However,this was reversed by FA treatment. BBB scores and inclined plate function scores increased from 3.0 ± 1.7 to 6.2 ± 3.6(P<0.05)and from (13.3 ± 4.1)° to(26.7 ± 8.7)°(P<0.05)after FA was po given for 7 d,respectively. HE staining showed the gradual emergence of internal spinal cord edema,while the structural changes associated with spinal cord injury could be significantly reversed by administration of FA. Moreover,the expression of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰand Beclin1 was significantly increased in SCI 1 d group(P<0.01),but was decreased in 14 d group when compared with SCI 1 d group(P<0.05). The expression of Bcl-2 was increased in SCI 14 d group,and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was increased on 14 d after SCI(P<0.05). Compared with the SCI group,LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰand Beclin1 expression was increased in FA-treated 1 d group(P<0.05),Bcl-2 expression was increased in FA-treated 14 d group and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was significantly increased on 14 d after SCI(P<0.05). CONCLUSION FA has a therapeutic effect on SCI,which may be related to the impact of neuronal autophagy and apoptosis. Meanwhile,autophagy of SCI may be a process of gradual enhancement followed by weakening,and the anti-apoptosis effect may gradually increase with autophagy.